![]() Different types of storms develop under different environmental conditions, ranging from the sporadic formation of short-lived convective cells in a nearly random fashion, to the nearly steady state, long-lived, and highly organized heat engine characterizing the most severe storms. ![]() The development of thunderstorms thus, came to be visualized as the end-product of a grand chain of physical processes, which assume varying degrees of importance. ![]() In the study of convective phenomena, increased attention was given to the ways in which the air–mass structure is modified, not by solar heating alone, but also by the slow, but persistent upward and downward motions accompanying cyclones and anticyclones, and the horizontal advection of heat and moisture. It became recognized that successful weather prediction depends on an awareness of the whole three-dimensional structure of the atmosphere. Augmented networks of radiosondes, and the introduction of radar and radio balloon tracking devices, made it possible to secure much improved analyses of the thermal structure of the atmosphere, its moisture distribution, and the pressure and wind patterns aloft. The problem of storm observation was largely solved through the introduction of weather surveillance radar. Increased knowledge evolved largely through technological advances. Publisher Summary Although, the present understanding of these storms is in some respects rudimentary, it is vastly advanced over the knowledge of even twenty years ago. ![]()
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